Material import dependency by country
Countries reporting
43
Highest
88.3%
Luxembourg
Lowest
8.6%
Romania
Median
34.8%
Years covered
36
1990–2025
Data points
1,224
What the numbers show
Material import dependency is currently reported for 43 countries. The highest value is 88.3% in Luxembourg; the lowest is 8.6% in Romania.
The median across all reporting countries is 34.8%, and the mean is 37.6%.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 10.
Over the past decade 31 countries rose and 11 fell. The largest increase was in Albania (up 48.3%), and the largest decrease in Finland (down 22.8%).
Material import dependency: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Luxembourg | 88.3% | 2025 | down 3.2% | flat |
| 2 | Netherlands | 83.4% | 2025 | up 7.9% | rising |
| 2 | Netherlands | 83.4% | 2025 | up 7.9% | rising |
| 4 | Malta | 77.1% | 2025 | up 3.4% | rising |
| 5 | Belgium | 76.0% | 2025 | up 6.6% | rising |
| 6 | Iceland | 59.7% | 2025 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 7 | Slovenia | 48.8% | 2025 | up 9.7% | rising |
| 7 | Slovenia | 48.8% | 2025 | up 9.7% | rising |
| 9 | Switzerland | 47.5% | 2025 | down 0.8% | rising |
| 10 | Italy | 47.1% | 2025 | unchanged | rising |
| 11 | Slovakia | 42.7% | 2025 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 11 | Slovakia | 42.7% | 2025 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 13 | Austria | 40.5% | 2025 | down 4.7% | rising |
| 14 | Germany | 39.7% | 2025 | down 0.8% | rising |
| 15 | Denmark | 39.3% | 2025 | up 9.5% | rising |
| 16 | Croatia | 38.4% | 2025 | up 30.2% | rising |
| 16 | Croatia | 38.4% | 2025 | up 30.2% | rising |
| 18 | Cyprus | 38.2% | 2025 | up 16.5% | rising |
| 19 | Greece | 37.4% | 2025 | up 26.8% | rising |
| 20 | Spain | 37.2% | 2025 | down 15.1% | rising |
| 21 | Lithuania | 34.8% | 2025 | down 14.5% | flat |
| 21 | Lithuania | 34.8% | 2025 | down 14.5% | flat |
| 23 | Czechia | 34.2% | 2025 | up 3.6% | rising |
| 24 | Ireland | 33.0% | 2025 | up 1.9% | rising |
| 25 | Portugal | 32.1% | 2025 | up 3.5% | rising |
| 26 | Latvia | 32.0% | 2025 | up 1.9% | rising |
| 26 | Latvia | 32.0% | 2025 | up 1.9% | rising |
| 28 | France | 30.9% | 2025 | down 16.3% | rising |
| 29 | North Macedonia | 30.0% | 2024 | up 24.0% | rising |
| 30 | Hungary | 27.0% | 2025 | up 1.1% | rising |
| 31 | Sweden | 23.6% | 2025 | down 7.8% | falling |
| 32 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 22.7% | 2024 | up 1.8% | flat |
| 33 | Estonia | 22.1% | 2025 | up 11.1% | rising |
| 33 | Estonia | 22.1% | 2025 | up 11.1% | rising |
| 35 | Türkiye | 21.3% | 2024 | up 40.1% | rising |
| 36 | Albania | 21.2% | 2023 | up 48.3% | rising |
| 37 | Poland | 19.7% | 2025 | up 11.9% | rising |
| 37 | Poland | 19.7% | 2025 | up 11.9% | rising |
| 39 | Bulgaria | 17.2% | 2025 | up 22.0% | flat |
| 40 | Finland | 16.9% | 2025 | down 22.8% | falling |
| 41 | Serbia | 13.4% | 2024 | up 20.7% | rising |
| 42 | Norway | 11.7% | 2024 | up 5.4% | rising |
| 43 | Romania | 8.6% | 2025 | down 7.5% | falling |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.